Profile of Leptin Levels in Schizophrenic patients Receiving Antipsychotic Therapy in Prof. Dr. HB Saanin Hospital Padang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkb.2020.031.02.7Keywords:
Antipsychotic drugs, leptin, schizophrenia, weight-gainAbstract
Weight-gain is one of the antipsychotic side effects, and it can increase the risk factor of metabolic syndrome. Several studies relate it to increase leptin levels. This research was conducted to determine the profile of leptin levels in schizophrenic patients who were receiving antipsychotic therapy at Prof. DR. HB Saanin Mental Hospital. The research was conducted from November 2019 to January 2020 on schizophrenic patients who were taking antipsychotic drugs. This research was conducted on 50 samples by using consecutive sampling techniques. Data analysis using univariate are presented in geometric mean and CI 95%. Moreover, a Comparison of leptin levels between groups was performed by T-test and one-way ANOVA. The average leptin level from 50 samples of schizophrenic patients was 5.12µg/ml (CI 95%=3.32-7.90). The highest average leptin level is from the 46-55 year age group which is 11.32µg/ml (CI 95% =5.24 - 24.42), female is 13.29µg/ml (CI 95%=5.84-30.26), BMI ≥30kg/m2 is 12.84µg/ml (CI 95%=4.31-38.23), subjects with above-average waist circumference is 5.54µg/ml ( CI 95%=3.45-8.90), and the atypical group of drugs is 6.08µg/ml (IK 95%=3.41-10.84). Increasing levels of leptin occur in schizophrenic patients who were 46-55 y.o, female BMI ≥30kg/m2, above-average waist circumference, and receiving atypical antipsychotics.
Downloads
References
Owen MJ, Sawa A, and Mortensen PB. Schizophrenia. The Lancet. 2016:
Tandon R, Gaebel W, Barch DM, et al. Definition And Description Of Schizophrenia In The DSM-5. Schizophrenia Research. 2013:
Carbon M, and Correll CU. Thinking And Acting Beyond The Positive: The Role Of The Cognitive And Negative Symptoms In Schizophrenia. CNS Spectrums. 2014:
WHO. WHO | Schizophrenia. Schizophrenia. 2015:
Kemenkes RI. Hasil Utama Riset Kesehatan Dasar Tahun 2018. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2018;
Katzung B, and Trevor A. Katzung’s Basic & Clinical Pharmacology. Basic and clinical Pharmacology. 2015:
Chang SC, and Lu ML. Metabolic And Cardiovascular Adverse Effects Associated With Treatment With Antipsychotic Drugs. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine. 2012:
Yan H, Chen JD, and Zheng XY. Potential Mechanisms Of Atypical Antipsychotic-Induced Hypertriglyceridemia. Psychopharmacology. 2013:
Raben AT, Marshe VS, Chintoh A, Gorbovskaya I, Müller DJ, and Hahn MK. The Complex Relationship Between Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain And Therapeutic Benefits: A Systematic Review And Implications For Treatment. Frontiers in Neuroscience. 2018:
Zhou Y, and Rui L. Leptin Signaling And Leptin Resistance. Frontiers of Medicine. 2013:
Monteleone P, and Maj M. Dysfunctions Of Leptin, Ghrelin, BDNF And Endocannabinoids In Eating Disorders: Beyond The Homeostatic Control Of Food Intake. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2013:
Sira I, Tarigan J, and Rialita A. KARAKTERISTIK SKIZOFRENIA DI RUMAH SAKIT KHUSUS ALIANYANG PONTIANAK PERIODE 1 JANUARI - 31 DESEMBER 2009. Jurnal Mahasiswa PSPD FK Universitas Tanjungpura [Internet]. 2013;2(1):1–13. Available from: http://jurnal.untan.ac.id/index.php/jfk/article/view/2965
Prebawa IPAG, Witari PK, and Ariawan IWY. Gambaran Sindrom Metabolik Pada Pasien Gangguan Jiwa Yang Dirawat Di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Provinsi Bali. Intisari Sains Medis. 2019;10(2):459–64.
Gogtay N, Vyas NS, Testa R, Wood SJ, and Pantelis C. Age Of Onset Of Schizophrenia: Perspectives From Structural Neuroimaging Studies. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 2011;
Jurewicz I. Mental Health In Young Adults And Adolescents - Supporting General Physicians To Provide Holistic Care. Clinical Medicine, Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London. 2015:
Saraswati PAI, and Diniari NKS. PREVALENSI OBESITAS PADA PENDERITA SKIZOFRENIA YANG MENDAPATKAN TERAPI ANTIPSIKOTIK ATIPIKAL DI RUMAH SAKIT JIWA PROVINSI BALI. E-Jurnal Medika Udayana, [Internet]. 2019;8(5):84–93. Available from: https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eum/article/view/50071
Jiwa BK, Keperawatan F, Syiah U, and Banda K. Karakteristik Pasien Skizofrenia Dengan Riwayat Rehospitalisasi. Idea Nursing Journal. 2016;7(3):23–9.
Hong DS, and Reiss AL. Cognitive And Neurological Aspects Of Sex Chromosome Aneuploidies. The Lancet Neurology. 2014:
Li R, Ma X, Wang G, Yang J, and Wang C. Why Sex Differences In Schizophrenia? HHS Public Access. J Transl Neurosci (Beijing). 2016.
Balhara YS, Verma R, and Gupta C. Gender Differences In Stress Response: Role Of Developmental And Biological Determinants. Industrial Psychiatry Journal. 2012;
Dayabandara M, Hanwella R, Ratnatunga S, Seneviratne S, Suraweera C, and de Silva VA. Antipsychotic-Associated Weight Gain: Management Strategies And Impact On Treatment Adherence. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. 2017:
Tandon R. Antipsychotics In The Treatment Of Schizophrenia: An Overview. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2011:
Tjokroprawiro A, Sujuti H, Biokimia L, et al. Regulasi Adipogenesis Oleh MTORC1 Melalui Jalur STAT3 Adipogenesis Regulation Of MTORC1 Through STAT3 Pathway. 2013;27(3):123–30.
Milaneschi Y, Lamers F, Bot M, Drent ML, and Penninx BWJH. Leptin Dysregulation Is Specifically Associated With Major Depression With Atypical Features: Evidence For A Mechanism Connecting Obesity And Depression. Biological Psychiatry. 2017;
Maisyarah TA, Nugraha GI, and Lidyana L. Nutritional Status Of Schizophrenic Patients At Department Of Psychiatry In Dr . Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Status Gizi Pasien Skizofrenia Di Departemen Psikiatri Rumah Sakit Dr . Hasan Sadikin Bandung. 2014;1(1):40–7.
Sumadewi KT. Korelasi Antara Kadar Leptin Dengan IMT, Lingkar Pinggang Dan RLPP Pada Orang Dewasa Obesitas Usia 19-25 Tahun Di Universitas Warmadewa. WMJ (Warmadewa Medical Journal). 2017;1(2):71.
Chue P, Agyapong V, and Abba-Aji A. Antipsychotic Drugs. In: Side Effects of Drugs Annual. 2018: p. 99–119.
Wang LH, Liu YC, Wang JH, Lee CJ, and Hsu BG. Serum Leptin Level Positively Correlates With Metabolic Syndrome Among Elderly Taiwanese. Tzu Chi Medical Journal. 2017;
Mishra S, Harris TB, Hsueh WC, et al. The Association Of Serum Leptin With Mortality In Older Adults. PLoS ONE. 2015;
Panariello F, Polsinelli G, Borlido C, Monda M, and De Luca V. The Role Of Leptin In Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain: Genetic And Non-Genetic Factors. Journal of Obesity. 2012:
Neelamekam S, Nurjono M, and Lee J. Regulation Of Interleukin-6 And Leptin In Schizophrenia Patients: A Preliminary Analysis. Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience. 2014;
Park HK, and Ahima RS. Physiology Of Leptin: Energy Homeostasis, Neuroendocrine Function And Metabolism. Metabolism: clinical and experimental. 2015:
Crujeiras AB, Carreira MC, Cabia B, Andrade S, Amil M, and Casanueva FF. Leptin Resistance In Obesity: An Epigenetic Landscape. Life Sciences. 2015:
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
